NO. 778: THE KING’S HIGHWAY

No. 778

“Go through, go through the gates; prepare ye the way of the people; cast up, cast up the highway; gather out the stones; lift up a standard for the people.” (Isa. 62:10)

Under the reign of sin and death there is now a “broad way”  upon which, under the influence of the world, the flesh and the devil, almost all mankind are walking in a greater or lesser degree of selfishness, worldly desires, and pride. Its grade is downward and away from God. Its end is death, in just harmony with the original sentence of sin in Eden. (Matt. 7:13) On it none can retrace his steps so as to return to God. He may stop for a time, or even attempt to return, but the grade is too steep, and the influence and pressure of the crowd irresistible; and soon he is on the downward course again – moving slowly or swiftly.

But there is a way of life, into which the pilgrim may turn. Of it our Lord said, “I am the way, the truth, and the life.” (John 14:6) There is consequently only one way of return – through acceptance of Christ and obedience as proof thereof. The gate to this way of life is faith, and at present it is a very difficult road to travel, even after it has been found. This gate and way have been open for some twenty centuries, but comparatively few have seen it or even know of it, as Jesus explained: “Because strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it.” (Matt: 7:14)

The Apostle Paul gave us the reason for this: “But if our gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost: In whom the god of this world [Satan] hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.” (2 Cor. 4:3-4) The light of the Gospel currently does not shine into the hearts of very many. A thick darkness of error hinders many hearts from receiving the full benefit of God’s light and blessing and joy. They find it impossible to love the Lord, because the creeds of human tradition have so misrepresented Him that they do not deem Him to be worthy.

Here is a mysterious thing! Why does the God of love make the gate to the way of life so obscure that only a few have any opportunity of even knowing of it? – and so narrow and rugged that when found many are so discouraged with the prospect that they make but little effort to walk therein, and gradually drift back into the broad way? From the world’s standpoint of ignorance and human speculation, there is no reasonable answer to this question. But from the standpoint of the Divine Plan of the Ages as revealed in the Scriptures, there is a very satisfactory answer.

God’s plan for the world (which entered the broad road through Adam’s transgression and sentence – 1 Cor. 15:22) is to let all have an experience with the wages of sin, which we are clearly told is death. (Rom. 6:23) The reign of sin and death under Satan will then end through Christ, who will inaugurate a reign of righteousness and life under His rule – the Kingdom of God. Thus seen, the “narrow way” is not meant to be the way of life for the human race in general. It is provided only for a special class, who are referred to in Scripture by various names including the “church,” the “bride,” the “temple of the living God,” the “elect,” the “body of Christ,” and the “little flock” to which it is the “Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom.” (Luke 12:32) The gate of faith is made obscure to ensure that those who enter are faith-full (full of faith). The way is rugged and difficult to ensure that all who continue in that way faithful to the end are “overcomers” of strong character.

The special service for which this special class is being selected demands that they be tried as gold is purified, in the furnace of discipline. They may thus be found vessels unto honor and meet for the Master’s use when His time comes for them, along with their Lord and Redeemer, as “the Seed of Abraham” to extend the blessing of God to all the families of the earth (the dead as well as the living). (Gal. 3:16, 29) They will then with Him be the Kings and Priests unto God who will reign on the earth during the Millennial Age, to bind Satan’s power (Rev. 5:10; Rev. 20:1-2) and to open the eyes of those whom he has so long blinded and deceived. By these God will prepare a favorable way for all. (Isa. 62:10)

WHEN CHRIST IS KING – WHAT THEN?

After the last member of the Church, the body of Christ, has been perfected and glorified with Christ their Head upon the throne (Rev. 11:17; Rev. 3:21), our Redeemer will take to Himself His great power and establish His Kingdom. This will be after the great “time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation” (Dan. 12:1) has swept away present institutions and humbled the pride of man in the dust and brought the world into a teachable attitude. Then the broad way to death will be abolished and thereafter the way to death (the Second Death) will be made narrow and difficult because speedy and just retribution will promptly follow every attempted violation of Immanuel’s laws.

The narrow way to immortal life will also have terminated, having served its purpose by selecting the “little flock,” the “Royal Priesthood,” through persecution for godliness and fierce oppositions from the world, the flesh and the devil. Then Satan will be bound (restrained from deceiving mankind) and the world will be forced to respect, at least outwardly, the laws and Kingdom of God. The fleshly weaknesses men labor under as the result of the fall will alone stand between men and perfect happiness – and full arrangements are provided by the Mediator-King for assisting the fallen flesh back to perfection: “Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped. Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing: for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and streams in the desert.” (Isa. 35:5-6)

The way of life will then be a “highway” cleared of every impediment – the Highway of Holiness: “And an highway shall be there, and a way, and it shall be called The way of holiness; the unclean shall not pass over it . . . No lion shall be there, nor any ravenous beast shall go up thereon, it shall not be found there; but the redeemed shall walk there: And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.” (Isa. 35:8-10)

The various arrangements of the Millennial Kingdom will at first make it difficult to enter the road to death (to insure that only the willfully sinful go by it into the Second Death); and the same Kingdom arrangements will make the way to life easy to access. Its gate of faithful obedience will be clearly seen and easily accessible to all; and its name correspondingly will no longer be the “narrow way,” but instead the “way of holiness” – the King’s Highway of Holiness, leading to life everlasting, and open to all who desire righteousness. (John 10:16)

As the Prince of Darkness (Satan) now rules and leads the blinded millions to death, the Prince of Light (Christ, head and body) will then rule and lead millions to life eternal. It is as a means to this end that He has selected His Church and is causing the great trouble to come upon the world, and will shortly bind Satan for the thousand years of His reign. And, more than this, He will open the blinded eyes that all may see the light of the knowledge of the goodness of God as it shines in the face of Jesus Christ our Lord. (2 Cor. 4:6)

Then Satan will no longer have power to deceive men, showing good for evil and evil for good. All will then have the eyes of their understanding opened to see and appreciate “the true Light.” (John 1:9) Then the knowledge of the Lord will fill the whole earth as the waters cover the depths of the sea. (Isa. 11:9) “And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord.” (Jer. 31:34) Then the Lord’s Kingdom will come and His will be done on earth as it is done in heaven. (Matt. 6:10) Instead of the message of the Gospel being limited to a few, all will know the plan of God; and the evidences of its truth will be so clear and convincing that none will have an excuse to disbelieve. The conditions will be such that doubt will be more difficult than is belief at present. Nevertheless, each individual will be required to personally accept Christ and the conditions of the New Covenant.

Not only will men learn unquestionably that Christ died for our sins, “the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God,” they will also see and feel the restitution work begun, in themselves and in others. (1 Pet. 3:18; Acts 3:19-21; Ezek. 16:48-50, 53-55, 60-63) They will see righteousness ruling the world unto life instead of sin ruling it unto death as it does now. They will see great changes in the climate of the earth because he “that had the power of death, that is the devil” (Heb. 2:14), will no longer be “the prince of the power of the air.” (Eph. 2:2) “The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them; and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose.” (Isa. 35:1; Ezek. 34:27) The microbes of destruction and disease will be restrained and, “They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain [kingdom].” (Isa. 11:9)

Sickness and pain and all diseases will yield to the power of the Great Physician upon the throne; and He will not permit death to befall any except those who intelligently and willfully refuse His offers of full restitution, by rejecting the terms of obedience required under the New Covenant then open to all. Even these will be liberally dealt with, “For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith the Lord God: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye.” (Ezek. 18:32; 2 Pet. 3:9)

Accordingly, all will be forced to “bow” and “confess” in at least outward recognition of that Kingdom – a blessed improvement upon the reign of sin unto death. (Isa. 45:23; Rom. 14:11; Rom. 5:21; 1 Cor. 15:26) Yet their will must remain their own and their progress in restitution will depend upon their willingness or unwillingness to come into accord with the Kingdom and its righteous arrangements. We are expressly told by the Prophet that those still sinners when a hundred years old will be cut off (in the Second Death – destruction from which there is to be no ransom and no resurrection). (Isa. 65:20; 2 Thess. 1:9) To die at that age then, would be like a death in infancy now, because “A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall he not quench.” (Isa. 42:3; Matt. 12:20) All who will then show any evidence of love and consecration to the Lord may continue to enjoy the Kingdom blessings at least until the close of that Millennial Age.

As the Lord now sends seed-time and harvest, sun and rain, upon the just and unjust, so then, to a certain extent (i.e., for one hundred years each), the restitution blessings, that is, the equitable laws and other public arrangements for the education and uplifting of the masses, and the climatic conditions more favorable to health, will be common to all men. But although He is plenteous in mercy, He will not continue to tolerate willful sin and sinners indefinitely: “He will not always chide: neither will he keep his anger forever.” (Psa. 103:9) “And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not hear [obey] that prophet [Teacher], shall be destroyed from among the people.” (Acts 3:23)

GOD’S LAW WILL NOT CHANGE

Although conditions in the Millennial Age will differ so greatly from present conditions as to be almost the reverse, the laws of God, like God Himself, will not change. God’s law will be the same law in every particular that it always has been when exercised by our Lord Jesus and His Church (“Do ye not know that the saints shall judge the world?” – 1 Cor. 6:2). It will be tempered with mercy because of man’s fallen condition (for which our Lord Jesus as Redeemer paid the price in His own death). It cannot change, for the same reason that God Himself cannot change: it is perfect, and to change it in any degree would be to make it imperfect.

God’s law is love. Full obedience to it means perfect love – controlling every thought, word and deed; partial obedience means a measure of love. At the beginning of that new era, the world in general will be as loveless as it is now, controlled by selfishness, for the heart of the natural (fallen) man is enmity against this law of God which represents God’s character. (1 Cor. 2:14) When present-day selfishness blossoms and goes to seed in the great Time of Trouble now impending, it will become apparent to all that, however selfish their hearts may be, their deeds must thereafter conform more closely to the principle of love – doing unto others as they would have others do unto them. (Matt. 7:12)

It will thus be with a practical lesson that the new King will introduce the Law of His Kingdom. Loving deeds and words will be required of all, though their hearts (wills) may still be tainted with selfishness; for God does not now, and never will, force the wills of His creatures. Those who at the end of the hundred years of trial remain obstinate in heart and only outwardly obedient, under compulsion, shall be judged hopeless sinners, and will be cut off from all further trial for life; for the principle will still hold: “He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.” (John 3:36)

“In that day” an intellectual unbelief in Christ and the offer of salvation will be an impossibility (Isa. 11:9), for even “the devils also believe, and tremble.” (Jas. 2:19) However, acceptance of Christ as the Lord who bought us, and hearty obedience to the letter and spirit of His requirements will be the condition upon which any may obtain everlasting life, provided and intended only for those who love God, which implies a love of His character and His laws. (Isa. 57:14-21)

But perfect love and obedience in letter and spirit will not be realized by the world then on trial until the close of the Millennial Age, because perfection of being is necessary for perfection of obedience. For those who accept the Son, the entire age will be necessary for the full restitution or bringing back to the perfection and divine fellowship lost six thousand years ago. Just as from the first moment of the death sentence Adam and the entire human race were no longer fully alive but dying, so perfection of life will not be attained until the end of the process of uplifting or restitution. None will get that grand gift of God except such as are perfected in love – not only in word and deed, but also in the very deepest thoughts and intents of their hearts. Only those who believe the Son, accept of His grace and are conformed to His image will see life, in the full and absolute sense. Only those will be presented unto the Father perfect and beyond reproof in love, when Christ delivers up the Kingdom, having thus accomplished the work begun by Him nearly three thousand years before when He bought the world with His own life that He might give life unto all them that obey Him.

ACCEPTANCE OF THE NEW COVENANT

Although everlasting life (the reward for obedience in the school of Christ) will not be given to the worthy ones of the world until the close of the Millennial Age, yet that everlasting life will be reckoned to each one from the moment he accepts Christ and comes to any degree of heart-harmony with the terms of the New Covenant.

The varying temperaments and degrees of degradation of fallen men guarantee that their hearty acceptance of Christ and His regulations for their blessing will differ, as is now the case with those who come to the knowledge of the Truth. Some will respond quickly, some slowly, some not at all. But the Lord’s provision, that all shall have at least a hundred years of opportunity under the clear light of “the Sun of righteousness” (Mal. 4:2; Luke 1:78-79), guarantees against the loss of any for whom there could be any hope of developing characters fit for an eternity of fellowship with God. Nor will it be merely those who promptly and fully accept Christ that will be continued beyond the first hundred years of trial, for we are assured that if there is even a smoldering spark of love toward God and righteousness (the “smoking flax”), the Lord will not break off such a one (the “bruised reed”), but will fan the spark so that it might become a blaze of love which would purify the heart and eventually bring every thought into conformity with the will of God. He will pursue this course until “he shall bring forth judgment unto truth.”(Isa. 42:3)

Those who most quickly and most fully accept the new conditions will more quickly and more fully taste the joys of salvation and the Lord’s favor, and have the peace of God rule in their hearts. Thus the measure of “light” sinned against in the present life determines not only the amount of heart-hardening, but also the time and the amount of difficulty the person will experience in getting his heart softened again.

STONES GATHERED OUT

Those who will be cut off during the Millennium will be those who refuse to “go up thereon” when they are given full opportunity to enter upon the King’s Highway of Holiness. (Isa. 35:9) Satan’s broad way of the present time is a downward one, but the King’s Highway in the Millennium will have an upward grade. Men now can go downward to death almost without effort; but in the Millennium reaching the prize of life at the end of the Highway will require effort.

The Highway of the Millennial Age will require less effort and overcoming than the Narrow Way of the Gospel Age, however. It will be less steep, for several centuries may be allowed for the gradual development of character in likeness to the Lord’s, in contrast to the short period allowed in the Gospel Age Narrow Way for development as a pilgrim, an overcomer, and a worthy associate with the Lord Jesus for the peculiar work of the future, as His Bride.

On the King’s Highway, there will be no “stones” of error to stumble the faithful, no “lions” of worldly opposition to test them, no “ravenous beasts” of temptations to hinder their progress. The stumbling stones will all be gathered out, the mountains of difficulty will be leveled, and the valleys of despair and discouragement will be filled up: “Every valley shall be exalted, and every mountain and hill shall be made low: and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough places plain: And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together: for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.” (Isa. 40:4-5) All the redeemed of the Lord who will accept the gift of life upon the conditions of its offer may go up that Highway to perfection. (Isa. 35:8-10; Isa. 62:10)

It must not be supposed, however, that progress along that easy Highway, with everything to aid in the development of character, and with nothing like opposition or temptation to test its strength, will be sufficient evidence of heart loyalty to God and His laws. It will not prove worthiness for everlasting life, even though those on the Highway may have attained human perfection – physical, mental and moral – as a result of its elixirs of life, its pure air, nutritious foods, inspired skill and conformity to its divine laws and regulations.

TESTS ON THE KING’S HIGHWAY

While the tests along the Narrow Way have been gradual, step by step, there will be primarily two tests on the King’s Highway – at the beginning and at the end. There will first be a test as to who will start to go upward on it and keep on going upward. Those who will make no effort upward, despite all the favorable conditions of knowledge and obedience, will be cut off after one hundred years of opportunity, testing, and reproof. They will be unworthy of further testing or further Millennial privileges. (Isa. 65:20)

There will be a final test of all who have gone up that Highway to its end – to the end of the Millennium. These will then be tested or proved as to their fitness for everlasting life. The object of this test will not be to prove whether they are sinners, either openly or covertly. None of them will be transgressors of God’s law, because the evil doers will have been cut off long before, at the end of a hundred years trial. No doubt it will surprise many of them when they learn that God has purposed to give them a trial at all. What! Test those who for hundreds of years have been living in harmony with God’s law, and constantly blessed by it? Are not those centuries of obedience a sufficient proof of loyalty to God? Can any further test be required? If so, for what purpose?

We answer that their obedience for centuries had its corresponding reward of blessings and enjoyment experienced during those centuries. They are still God’s debtors. God does not owe them everlasting life. Everlasting life is a gift of God through Christ. (Rom. 6:23) It is one of the things, however, prepared for those who love God, and the test at the end of the Millennial Age will be a test of love – to prove the degree of love and consecration that has been developed in those who have seen and enjoyed so many of God’s favors. Not outward perfection merely, but inward perfection will be the test; and that some who will have reached outward perfection will not have developed the inward perfection of heart or will, even with every favorable opportunity, is evident from the results of the test. (Rev. 20:9)

Adam was also perfect before his trial in Eden, but he had not developed a consecrated will or character fully submitted to the Lord. Satan was perfect as an angel of God, but he developed a character or will antagonistic to God’s. And God’s purpose is that the trial or judgment both of angels and men will be so thorough, so complete, that not a single creature who is not in absolute heart-harmony with God and His laws shall receive everlasting life and pass into the ages of eternity beyond the Millennium. All not possessed of characters (wills) in full, absolute harmony with God’s will, must die the Second Death. And yet they will have enjoyed much, and will have much for which to be thankful.

In no other way could the Lord continue His creatures in His own likeness as free moral agents, and yet guarantee that the Millennial reign of Christ will cause the former things of sin to pass away: “And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.” (Rev. 21:4)

The test at the close of the Millennium is symbolically represented in Revelation: “And when the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison, And shall go out to deceive the nations . . . to gather them together to battle: the number of whom is as the sand of the sea. And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and compassed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city: and fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them. And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire . . . ” (Rev. 20:7-10) Satan will be permitted to attempt to deceive all, whose number will then be as the sand, but what proportion he will succeed in leading astray is not stated.

The Lord’s Word does not indicate the nature of this attack, but we do not suppose that Satan and his followers will go up and surround the beloved city (the capital of the earthly phase of the Kingdom) with any thought of war, or with intent to use physical force. They could not be so foolish, after so long an experience with the power of God’s Kingdom. We surmise that they will miscalculate when the thousand years of Christ’s autocratic Kingdom will end, and when the dominion of earth will be restored to mankind in general to be exercised as a Republic – in full harmony with the divine law. Miscalculating the time, they may feel that the rulers of that time (Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and all the Prophets – the Ancient Worthies) are prolonging their rule without warrant. The surrounding of the beloved city may be in the form of a demonstration, or appeal for their rights, such as has often been made by present-day citizens, surrounding Congress, Parliament, or council chambers with demonstrations against infringe­ments of their claimed rights.

Such peaceful protests against wrongs or oppressions in the present time are not sins, but such a demonstration on the part of perfect men after centuries of benefits and blessings at God’s hands would indicate that their hearts were not fully submitted to the Lord. Those in the right condition of heart will respond to an invitation to participate in such an event with a forceful, “No!” They will trust the wisdom, justice, love and power that will have so abundantly provided for them to that point, even while they were yet sinners. They will be content to continue as “servants” and will not question when God sees best to grant them full liberties and privileges as “children.” (Rom. 8:21) They will not even harbor in their hearts a wish to change any of the Lord’s arrangements, much less join in any demonstration or protest against them.

The gift of everlasting life has only been prepared for those who under such a test would manifest heart-harmony with God. Those passing this test will be received and blessed, but the others will be cut off in the Second Death. If an objection is made that they committed no great crime, we answer, neither was the transgression of the perfect Adam a gross crime; but the eating of the forbidden fruit was a disobedience; and disobedience and transgression on the part of perfect beings is a just cause for a refusal to grant them the great blessing of life everlasting.

Praise God for the lengths and breadths of His great and gracious plan of salvation through Christ. Praise Him for the Narrow Way of the Gospel Age with its severe trials and temptations and its great prize of life in joint-heirship with our Lord Jesus the Redeemer. Praise Him too for the great Highway of Holiness which the Christ will soon prepare and open to all the redeemed, that whosoever will may not perish, but have the gift of God, eternal life. (John 3:16; Rom. 6:23)

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This paper is drawn from Pastor Russell Reprint 1771.

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NO. 777: ANOINTED TO PREACH GOOD TIDINGS

No. 777

“The spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound; To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; To appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, that he might be glorified.” (Isa. 61:1-3)

This text is surely “good tidings” in a very broad and deep sense. Its message is one of comfort, not only to consecrated believers, but to all who mourn. While some people are undoubtedly full, satisfied, and mourn for nothing, they are exceptions to the rule. Some are wealthy in material possessions and feel they have need of nothing. They are kept busy with their efforts to enjoy themselves. There are also others who are not wealthy, but are very self-satisfied because they feel themselves to be of a high moral status. They do not realize themselves to be sinners in need of a Savior. Neither of these groups are mourning for anything, and therefore they cannot receive the comforting assurances and promises the Lord has made for those who mourn.

But as we consider the state of affairs in the world, we are deeply impressed with the thought that the vast majority of mankind are in mourning. As far as the world in general is concerned, our Lord’s ministry of comfort is chiefly a future work, but we rejoice in knowing that the time is sure to come when all that mourn will be brought under the blessed influences and provisions of the Millennial Kingdom, when they will come to know the comfort God has provided in Christ.

Our text assures us that all the Lord’s people are ordained to proclaim His message of comfort to all that mourn, to all who realize that the present condition of things is an unsatisfactory one, quite beyond the power of any human being to fully rectify – a condition that God’s Kingdom alone can correct. The Gospel of Christ appeals to those who mourn, addressing itself especially to those who labor, are heavy laden, and seeking rest. It passes by those who are content and self-satisfied.

Why is it that those who mourn can appreciate God’s message as others cannot? Would we not expect the opposite? Surely heaven is not a place of mourning; surely the heavenly Father is not sad; and surely the holy angels are not weary, heavy laden, and seeking rest. So why does the Gospel of the Lord Jesus appeal to the mourners? If in heaven all are rich in health, joy, and prosperity and they all rejoice in the divine character and divine plan, why is it that the rich, favored, and self-satisfied on earth are not attracted by the Gospel of Christ?

The answer is that the conditions are totally different. In heaven there is no sin, no sickness, no pain, no sorrow, no death, no weeping – nothing to cause mourning. On earth all these conditions prevail – if not in each individual, certainly in each family. It is proper for perfect heavenly beings who are free from the penalties of sin to rejoice in the Lord and be joyful. It is equally proper for those under the penalties of sin to mourn, assuming they have the right attitude of mind and can realize their true condition. It is proper that they feel weary with the mental, moral, and physical burdens of sin brought upon us as a race. It is expected that they feel heavy laden with life’s trials and difficulties and mourn, longing for deliverance from these unfavorable conditions.

Although much is done for the benefit of the less favored in the provision of public education, health care, and other types of assistance, some of the favored few in the world seem to have no feeling of sympathy, sorrow, and mourning for the disadvantaged. Selfishness has crowded out feelings of empathy and sympathy among many advantaged people. It would not be fair, however, to assume that all the rich and well-to-do are filled with joy and pleasure despite appearing to be so. If the truth were known, nearly all human beings have more than a few heart-aches, even though they may enjoy all manner of riches and advantages. Many also have a longing desire to help others, but they realize that it would be impossible to rescue all of humanity. They realize they must draw the line somewhere, and so they select their special projects and objects of sympathy and assistance, providing many private benevolences. In any event, it is not for us to attempt to judge the hearts of others to assess whether they mourn. We are safe to assume that the majority of people mourn.

JOY IN THE MORNING

In the words of the hymn, “There’s a wideness in God’s mercy, like the wideness of the sea.” The wideness of His mercy is in marked contrast with the narrowness of human creeds and theories. According to the latter, God’s provision for the majority of the human family is that they will mourn and be weary and heavy laden. These creeds hold that mankind will be a groaning creation throughout this present life, and at its close they will be ushered into conditions awful to contemplate: an eternity of woe, mourning, sorrow, pain, and anguish. This is the false Gospel concocted during the Dark Ages by those who actually thought they served God by burning one another at the stake. How different is the true message of God! It is the message referred to in our opening text, which God anointed the Christ, Head and Body, to proclaim. It is the message announced by the angel at the birth of Jesus: “I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.” (Luke 2:10) It is a message of comfort to all who mourn.

Many who now mourn are unable to appreciate God’s message because they are blinded and deafened by the Adversary. They neither know nor understand the gracious provisions of the divine plan of salvation, provisions centered in the cross of Christ. Confused by the various religious creeds of the world, they cannot discern the voice of the true Shepherd, and so the vast majority are in despair, lacking any comfort whatsoever.

While it is the privilege of the Lord’s people to tell the good tidings which will ultimately be to all people, they are to understand that only a few who have an ear to hear will be able to comprehend and appreciate their message. The majority will not be able to comprehend until the new dispensation is ushered in, and the clouds of error, darkness, confusion, and falsehood melt away. Then the glorious “Sun of righteousness” will rise “with healing in his wings.” (Mal. 4:2) These healing beams will bless the whole world during the Millennium. During this Gospel Age, the comfort provided by the Scriptures about the blessings that are to come to the world is only for the Household of Faith. As the Master said: “But blessed are your eyes, for they see: and your ears, for they hear.” (Matt. 13:16)

The Lord’s people would mourn more for their dear ones who are still in the darkness of sin were it not for this comfort the Lord provided in the Scriptures. As they come to understand the divine message, it means an ultimate blessing to each member of the human family – it means that as all of Adam’s race were involved in his penalty without their consent, likewise all of them are provided for in the great redemption accomplished by the second Adam, likewise without their knowledge. Thus the Lord prophetically declares: “Weeping may endure for a night, but joy cometh in the morning.” (Psa. 30:5)

NOT UNIVERSALISM

The whole creation is involved in the weeping, mourning, suffering, and sorrowing resulting from the curse of the death penalty. Likewise, the whole creation has been redeemed by the precious blood, and will come forth on the Millennial morning to joyful opportunities for attaining life everlasting through obedience to the glorious Kingdom of God’s dear Son, who bought them with His precious blood. To this the Scriptures all agree. Pointing to the Millennial Age, they declare: “For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes.” (Rev. 7:17)

Almost the same message was given thousands of years earlier through the Prophet Isaiah: “He will swallow up death in victory; and the Lord God will wipe away tears from off all faces.” (Isa. 25:8) This shows that tears will not be wiped away merely from the faces of the saints of this Gospel Age. These divine testimonies are in full accord with others that declare: “That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.” (Phil. 2:10-11)

All these testimonies apply generally to the whole world of mankind, because God has provided a full atonement for the sins of the whole world. The penalty of Adam’s fall has been wiped away and during the Millennial Age every human being will have an opportunity to rejoice in the Lord’s favor, knowing that past sins are forgiven. All will have an opportunity to demonstrate their love for righteousness and their opposition to sin, thereby proving their fitness for everlasting life under God’s terms.

This is not universalism, however, which teaches that all humankind will eventually be saved eternally. The Scriptures teach that after having been brought to a full knowledge of God’s provisions and terms, all who willfully reject or oppose them will be deemed opponents of God and His righteousness and will be cut off in the Second Death: “And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not hear [obey] that prophet, shall be destroyed from among the people.” (Acts 3:23)

MOURNERS IN ZION

Everywhere throughout the Scriptures the Lord distinguishes between mourners in general, and those who “mourn in Zion” – the mourners who are truly His through faith and consecration. The Apostle Paul pointed out that both the world and the Lord’s people are groaning and waiting:

“For the earnest expectation of the creation waiteth for the revealing of the sons of God. . . . that the creation itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the liberty of the glory of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now. And not only so, but ourselves also . . . even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for our adoption . . . the redemption of our body.” (Rom. 8:19-23, ASV) While not realizing it, the whole world is waiting for the revealing of the sons of God – waiting for the Kingdom to be established. The belief in a future life, though vague, is almost universal and most people believe it will be everlasting.

The Lord’s consecrated people groan more privately, not in an outward manner, awaiting their adoption, their deliverance as the body of the Anointed One, and their share in the First Resurrection. Those who mourn in Zion have hearing ears, and the eyes of their understanding are open; hence the message of the Gospel means to them what it cannot mean to mourners in general.

In our opening text, the Lord foretells through the Prophet the joys and blessings the mourners in Zion have for their comfort and consolation. They do not sorrow as others do because they believe that the entire human family will be released from the death sentence, which has been turned into a “sleep” through the redemptive work of Jesus. As the Apostle explained: “But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as others which have no hope. For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him.” (1 Thess. 4:13-14)

Although the Lord’s people do not sorrow as others who have no hope, they groan within themselves because the blessings are still future, while the trials and difficulties are still present. The hope they enjoy cheers and comforts their hearts, lightening their burdens, although they still have burdens and sorrows. Our Lord called to the sorrowing ones, saying, “Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls.” (Matt. 11:28-29) The Lord’s yoke is easy and His burden light compared with the yoke of sin and the burden of death.

The burden of those who are in Christ is very different from the burden that is upon the world. Our burden decreases as we become more acquainted with our heavenly Father and with our Lord the Redeemer, and with the gracious plan of which He is the center.

ANOINTED TO PREACH

The anointing to preach the great message primarily applied to our Lord Jesus, who pointed out the fulfillment of this scripture in Himself. (Luke 4:18) From God’s standpoint, however, all His consecrated people who have knowledge of His Word and possess the spirit of the Truth are included in this anointing. Every child of God must be a preacher, although not all preach from a public platform. They are commissioned to share to the best of their abilities the message detailed in the first two verses of our text:

“To preach good tidings unto the meek.” They are anointed to preach the Gospel of the Kingdom – Jesus, the resurrection, restitution, and the high calling. They are to preach only to the “meek” – those willing and able to hear, those who are feeling after the Lord and not satisfied with the things of this world, those who manifest a teachable disposition. They are not to preach to the rebellious or the indifferent, who will be dealt with in the Kingdom by the judgments of the Lord. (Isa. 26:9)

“To bind up the brokenhearted.” The mission of the Lord’s people is not to break hearts but to heal hearts that have been broken by sin. The mission is not to shake with threats of torment, but to soothe with the message of divine mercy, teaching that the Kingdom will bring order, peace, and joy.

“To proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound.” This is the message of resurrection and restitution. All of mankind are captives of death, whether already in the grave or yet alive. Christ will open the prison house of death, releasing its captives (John 5:28-29), giving them the opportunity to return to man’s former estate, free from sin, ignorance, superstition, and the dying process.

“To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn.” This identifies the Gospel Age as the “acceptable” time period during which God will accept joint-sacrificers with Christ. On the occasion when the Lord Jesus read this verse from Isaiah in the synagogue (Luke 4:19), He stopped His reading after “the acceptable year of the Lord,” because the remainder of the prophecy was not yet due to be understood, but now it is. The “day of vengeance” – the time of trouble – is upon us and when it ends the whole world will be comforted by the Lord’s reign.

THE PROMISES PICTURED

The beautiful promises made to the mourners in Zion are then symbolically described in the third verse of our text, foreshadowing the great ministry of comfort to take place in the Millennium:

“Beauty for ashes.” The beauty of the resurrection will replace the ashes of death. The word “beauty” here signifies a beautiful crown or garland, symbolizing hope and joy, while ashes symbolize the opposite. Prior to the redemptive work of Christ, we were without hope and “without God in the world.” (Eph. 2:12) While we may have had earthly hopes, desires, and prospects, as time passed we found that these withered, failed, and turned to ashes. The acceptance of Jesus with a whole heart brings new hopes and joys, represented symbolically as a “garland.” (Isa. 61:3, ASV) Not one joy, but many joys, not one blessing, but many blessings, come to those who are the Lord’s – to them old things have passed away and all things become new. Even death itself loses its sting when we realize that Christ has bought every prisoner in the tomb, and that ultimately death will be swallowed up in victory and there will be no more death, and no more pain, because the former things will have passed away. (Isa. 25:8; 1 Cor. 15:54; Rev. 21:4)

“The oil of joy for mourning.” After a period of mourning had passed in ancient times, it was the custom to display the spirit of rejoicing by washing and then anointing with a fragrant oil. Such oil was also used in anointing the kings and priests of Israel, and in Scripture it is a symbol of the Holy Spirit. Throughout this Gospel Age, those who accept Jesus as their Redeemer and who seek to walk in His steps, making a full consecration to Him and to His service, are accepted of the heavenly Father as His children and anointed with His Holy Spirit, the spirit of gladness, the spirit of joy, to all who receive it. In proportion as they receive it, it drives away much of the spirit of mourning and brings instead the spirit of joy. As the Apostle declared, “Rejoice in the Lord alway: and again I say, Rejoice.” (Phil. 4:4)

“The garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness.” To put on the garment of praise means to be sufficiently thankful, sufficiently appreciative of the good things received of the Lord. Many never get rid of the spirit of heaviness because they fail to put on the garment of praise. If we continually acknowledge and give thanks for the blessings we enjoy, we will find that they will increase and their value will be enhanced day by day. Before long, tears will be replaced with praise and thanksgiving. Instead of asking the Lord continually for new blessings, our petitions will be in the form of thanksgiving, and we will only ask that the Lord give us what is best. We should seek to take our burdens to the foot of the cross and leave them there, remembering that the Lord has promised that all things work together for good to them that love God. (Rom. 8:28)

“That they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, that he might be glorified.” The Apostle Paul used this same illustration to show how we are to progress in Christ. (Col. 2:7) The roots of a tree push themselves downward and take nutrients from the soil, while at the same time the trunk and the branches reach up into the atmosphere to obtain necessary elements of growth through the leaves. In the same manner, the roots of the Christian’s faith must push down deep into the knowledge of the divine plan, while the tree of character grows higher and higher, developing and maturing the rich fruits of the Holy Spirit of God. A tree that is well rooted in the earth is hard to uproot. Likewise, when the Christian’s faith is properly established in the promises of God’s Word, no wind of doctrine or theories of the day can overturn it. The Lord will not accept little, undeveloped sprouts for the Kingdom; He wants sturdy trees that have grown and matured.

COMFORTING THEM THAT MOURN

 The Scriptures point out that our comfort comes through fellowship with the heavenly Father and with our Lord Jesus. Our comfort does not come from believing that they are ignorant of our weaknesses and shortcomings, nor that they have low standards of righteousness and indiscriminate requirements for fellowship with them. Quite to the contrary, they comfort us with the assurance that they are very sympathetic and very merciful, although our every imperfection is known to them. Having provided a full propitiation (satisfaction) for all sins in the great sacrifice at Calvary, the Lord is very pleased to apply on behalf of each of His adopted children the riches of grace necessary to cover and offset every unintentional error and failure. What comfort and consolation are these privileges of fellowship with the Father and with the Son!

The Scriptures assure us that this comfort comes to us through the Holy Spirit, the spirit of the Lord, which is accordingly called the “Comforter.” (John 14:26) Those who have the Holy Spirit may have the comfort; those who do not have the Holy Spirit may not have this comfort and consolation. It is only to the extent that we receive the spirit, mind, and disposition of the Lord that we are able to understand, appreciate, and be comforted by the lengths and breadths, the heights and depths of His love, compassion, and provision for us.

This comfort of the Holy Spirit comes to us through the Scriptures – they are the medium through which the knowledge of God’s grace reaches us. In the words of the Apostle, “For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope.” (Rom. 15:4)

While this comfort is of the Father, through the Son, and communicated through the Scriptures, it is also to a considerable extent communicated by the Lord’s people one to another. For instance, the Apostle, after relating certain features of the divine plan relating to the deliverance of the Church, said to the brethren: “Wherefore comfort one another with these words.” (1 Thess. 4:18) Similarly, in his epistle to the Thessalonians, he told them that he sent Timothy to establish and comfort them concerning their faith. (1 Thess. 3:2-5)

This comfort evidently came from the establishment of the “faith which was once delivered unto the saints” – the faith in the glorious promises of God’s Word. (Jude 3) This comfort was of the Lord, through the Holy Spirit, through the agency of Paul and Timothy. Again, the same Apostle, speaking in the same strain, said, “Wherefore comfort yourselves together, and edify one another, even as also ye do.” (1 Thess. 5:11)

While the work of Christ and the Church for the world will not be accomplished in this present age, God gives His people the opportunity to use their talents in His service in the present life. To the best of their ability, they are to bind up broken hearts and give “the oil of joy for mourning.” In this manner they are to allay the sufferings of others, especially of the Lord’s Household, though they are to assist others as they have suitable opportunity. But their special work in blessing and comforting the world will be in the Kingdom, when all mankind will be brought back from the tomb and will have all the blessed assistances of Messiah’s Reign. Everything evil will be uprooted, and everything good will be fostered and blessed.

AMBASSADORS FOR THE LORD

While in this life, the Lord’s people are to be His ambassadors, showing forth His praises by telling others of the coming Kingdom and the blessings then to be showered upon all. They are to tell that God’s great plan for the world is much broader and grander than once thought, and that these blessings are both for those now living and for those who have gone down into the grave. Let us tell all who have an ear to hear that the Lord is now pouring out His Spirit upon His “servants and handmaids,” and soon will pour it out upon “all flesh” – all mankind. (Joel 2:28-29)

To the degree the Lord’s people are His ambassadors and representatives, it will be their privilege in the Kingdom to “comfort all that mourn,” and to be the “trees of righteousness” whose leaves will be for the “healing of the nations.” (Rev. 22:2) They should remember, however, that in the present life they have a ministry of comfort to perform also toward all who mourn in Zion – toward all of the Lord’s people who are in any tribulation, whether physical or mental. It is their privilege to bind up the broken-hearted and comfort those that mourn. In order to have the disposition to comfort, strengthen, edify, and build up the Household of Faith, one must possess a considerable measure of the spirit of the Truth, the spirit of the Lord, the spirit of love. To the degree each of the Lord’s people seeks to cultivate this privilege of brotherly helpfulness, to that same degree he will find the spirit of love developing and abounding in his own heart, and his likeness to the Lord Jesus will increase day by day, and from year to year.

One of the Apostle’s expressions respecting the great comfort and consolation which God has provided for His consecrated, faithful people is especially to the point: “Blessed be God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies, and the God of all comfort; Who comforteth us in all our tribulation, that we may be able to comfort them which are in any trouble, by the comfort wherewith we ourselves are comforted of God.” (2 Cor. 1:3-4)

If we are rightly exercised by the lessons learned from our trials, difficulties, and tribulations, we will receive greater comfort through the gracious promises of the Lord’s Word, and become more capable and efficient ambassadors of comfort to others in their trials and difficulties.

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This paper is drawn from several writings of Pastor Russell, including Reprints 2664 and 5536, as well as excerpts from Harvest Gleanings.

Write to us at: epiphanybiblestudents@gmail.com

NO. 776: THE GREATEST EVENT OF HISTORY

No. 776

“And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha: Where they crucified him, and two others with him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst. And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS.” (John 19:17-19)

Calvary was the scene of the most wonderful event of history, the foundation of the Gospel, the fulcrum upon which divine love and justice worked to roll away the curse resting upon humanity. As the Apostle wrote, “For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures.” (1 Cor. 15:3)

The exact location of Calvary is not definitely known, but it is referred to in all four Gospels. Matthew, Mark and John refer to it as Golgotha, the Hebrew word equivalent to the Latin word Calvary used by Luke, both words signifying “place of a skull.” (Matt. 27:33; Mark 15:22; Luke 23:33; John 19:17) There is a site outside Jerusalem that is a bare hill with two caves in the front, which gives the appearance of a skull when looked at from a distance, the caves and the brush growing therein representing the eye sockets. It has been suggested that this was the place of the crucifixion.

Crucifixion was a most horrible and torturous form of death, yet it is not the torture alone which our Redeemer suffered on our behalf that awakens our feelings of sympathy and sorrow when we think of Calvary and the events preceding it. Two others were crucified with Jesus, and many others have suffered a similar death before and since. Some, we may presume, suffered as much or more agony through longer and more drawn-out torture, gradual burning at the stake, lacerations, etc. Aside from our dear Savior’s experiences being undeserved by the one “who went about doing good,” the thought that impresses our hearts most deeply is that His experiences were in connection with paying our penalty, so that “with his stripes we are healed.” (Acts 10:38; Isa. 53:5)

“THE LOVE OF CHRIST CONSTRAINETH US”

The thought that Christ died for our sins, the just for the unjust, that He might bring us to God – that we might be restored to divine favor and released from the just sentence of death upon us – this thought moves our hearts to loving sympathy. “For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead [under sentence of death]: And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.” (2 Cor. 5:14-15)

Doctors of divinity and college professors of our times, full of the “wisdom of this world” (1 Cor. 1:20), deny the necessity for our Lord’s death and the value of the precious blood as an atonement for the sins of mankind. The more they deny this foundational feature of the Gospel, the more those who are able by the grace of God to see the divine plan must emphasize the value of the cross as the basis of reconciliation between God and man.

Today Jesus is presented as a good, noble, wonderful and wise teacher, whose words are suitable for texts and comments, but the sin of the world is denied when it is claimed that man is evolving to a higher nature, approaching the divine likeness. If there is no sin of the world to be atoned for, the Scriptural record that Jesus made atonement for the sins of the world is of course in error, but this is the view that is rapidly spreading throughout Christendom and destroying all true Christian faith.

Any faith other than faith based on the atonement is not the true Christian faith, not the faith once delivered to the saints, not the faith that is pleasing to God, not the faith that is the basis for justification and forgiveness of sins, not the faith that is to be respected and honored, blessed and rewarded by the Lord in due time. We cannot state this matter too strongly, even though it may offend some to be told that they are not Christians in the Scriptural sense of the word if they no longer hold to the doctrine of atonement through the blood of the cross – through the death of Jesus. Ultimately this doctrine will be the touchstone which will clearly show who are the Lord’s people and who are not, and those who lose it will lose membership in the household of faith, at least, as the present age is concerned. They are no more Christians than are those who adhere to Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, or no faith at all. Many among these groups believe that Jesus lived and died and was a great teacher, but this does not make them Christians and does not justify them. As the Apostle points out, we are justified “through faith in his blood.” (Rom. 3:25)

“CONSIDER HIM” – JESUS BEFORE PILATE

The chief priests and leading Jews of the Sanhedrin had been anxious for some time to apprehend our Lord, causing Him to no longer walk in Judea because the Jews there sought to kill Him. (John 7:1) Our Lord returned only at the time of the Feast of the Passover, knowing that then “his hour was come.” (John 13:1) He knew that it must happen at the time of the Passover in order to fulfill the types and prophecies of the Law.

The Jewish leaders had been exasperated by the Lord’s triumphal entry into Jerusalem on the ass, and by His driving the money-changers out of the Temple. They seized upon the idea of using Judas to betray Jesus at night, capturing Him when the multitudes were at home, and holding His trial and condemnation by the Jewish court during the night. They planned to rush the matter through and secure Pilate’s endorsement of the death sentence, which was essential. After the Lord’s arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane, He was brought before the high priests, Annas and Caiaphas, for examination and trial before the Jewish Sanhedrin. Our Lord was brought in as a prisoner at probably about one o’clock in the morning, and the examination and trial are thought to have lasted until the early morning hours.

It was necessary that at least a form of justice be followed in the trial before the Sanhedrin, the Jews highest court. Accordingly, witnesses were sought to prove something against our Lord which would show Him worthy of death. But finding no such witnesses, they ultimately secured two who were willing to bear false witness by slightly perverting our Lord’s statements. Their wish to bear witness against Him and to secure the favor of the chief priests probably prompted them to distort our Lord’s words. (Matt. 26:59-66)

A little later that morning, He was brought before Pilate, the representative of the Roman government. They brought Jesus before Pilate because the Sanhedrin had no power to put anyone to death without the consent of the Roman governor. They brought Him bound, to indicate that they had already determined Him to be a vicious character and duly guilty, and that the endorsement of their verdict and the order of execution were the only proper steps for Pilate to take.

The charge before the Sanhedrin had been blasphemy, a charge that would have had no weight before Pilate, since he himself was probably not a believer in the Jewish religion and customs. Hence, the charge they made against Him before Pilate was treason to Caesar, the high priests and Sanhedrin hypocritically taking the position that they were loyal defenders of the Roman power. No charges of treason or sedition were made in the trial before the Sanhedrin, because that would have been out of order. As the Jews held to their right to freedom from the Roman yoke, treason to Rome would have been considered loyalty to Judaism. Besides that, they had been waiting for centuries for a great deliverer to free them from Roman rule.

Pilate evidently saw through their subterfuge. His experience with human nature enabled him to see at a glance that the prisoner before him was a remarkable man and not the type to be a dangerous enemy to the empire. Pilate’s question to our Lord was evidently one of curiosity and full of irony: “Art thou the King of the Jews?” If Pilate expected Jesus to make any assertion of power and greatness, or any appeal for compassion or pity, he was disappointed. The Master merely answered in the brief and simple words, “Thou sayest.” He made no response to the various charges and calumnies the Jewish elders and priests heaped upon Him – “never a word.” (Matt. 27-11-14)

Jesus knew that His hour had come; He knew that the cup of bitterness and ignominy which He was drinking was permitted by the Father. His will was entirely submitted to the Father’s will, and He had no desire to clear Himself, nor to avoid or resist the death sentence being sought. Pilate was amazed that anyone could be so indifferent to the preservation of His own life; but he clearly saw that the charges were base fabrications, unworthy of consideration. He informed the accusers that it was the season when it was the custom for him to a set a prisoner at liberty, hoping they would be satisfied to reckon Jesus as having been justly accused, justly sentenced, and then set free.

Pilate announced that the one to be released would be either Jesus or a very noted criminal named Barabbas. By naming Barabbas as the alternative choice to Jesus, he evidently thought that the Jews would finally conclude that of the two they would prefer to have Jesus at liberty rather than the clearly undesirable Barabbas, but Pilate was mistaken. The Jewish leaders were enraged at the thought that their plans might fail, and they incited the gathered multitude against such a decree. The hatred inspired by religious fanaticism is the deepest, wickedest and most conscienceless of all, and Barabbas was promptly accepted, leaving Pilate committed to freeing him and leaving Jesus under the implied sentence.

When Pilate asked what he should do then with Jesus, their blood-curdling cry was, “Let him be crucified!” Astonished, Pilate answered, “Why, what evil hath he done?” Seeing that the case hung in the balance, the bloodthirsty accusers cried out with greater vehemence for Him to be crucified, causing Pilate to fear a general insurrection if their demands were not met. As a representative and mouthpiece for the Roman Empire, Pilate was required to preserve order at any cost. Although he yielded to the demands, he indicated his disagreement, washing his hands with water before them and saying, “I am innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it.” (Matt. 27:22-25) Thus he put the responsibility upon them, evidently still hoping they would change their minds.

When all the people cried, “His blood be on us, and on our children,” it was a prophecy of divine judgment against them. (Matt. 27:25) When they cried, “We have no king but Caesar,” the Almighty took them at their word. (John 19:15) The only way for them to escape the curse of His blood that they pronounced upon themselves is to accept His blood, freely offered to them as to all mankind, as the blood of sacrifice, the blood of atonement which sanctifies (makes holy to God) all who accept it by faith. It is the blood or seal of the New Covenant.

Pilate endeavored to arouse sympathy for Jesus in His accusers by having Him scourged. His soldiers then put a crown of thorns and a purple robe on Jesus, and Pilate presented Him to the crowd. He stated again that he found no fault with Jesus and then cried, “Behold the man!” (John 19:1-5) All Pilate’s appeals were futile. Jesus’ enemies were so filled with bitterness and envy that they were blind to His personal qualities, although some women who were not His disciples seemed to perceive them, and as He passed they wept.

Jesus was the most composed of all those present, because He had the assurance that He was doing the Father’s will. This assurance had kept Him calm and unmoved from the moment the angel appeared in Gethsemane to give Him the word of divine favor and thus strengthen Him. (Luke 22:43) Because He had such confidence in the wisdom, love, justice, and power of God, He was ready to endure anything that would be the Father’s will and would carry out the Father’s plan. To the weeping women He said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children.” (Luke 23:28) He doubtless had in mind the awful trouble that was to come upon that city thirty-seven years later.

The story of the shame that our dear Redeemer endured so patiently on our behalf is deeply touching. The telling and reading of it may have brought more hearts to repentance than almost anything else, nor does it lose its power with those who have already accepted our Lord and the redemption effected by His blood. The Apostle gave one of his most forceful lessons on this subject: “For consider him that endured such contradiction [opposition] of sinners against himself, lest ye be wearied and faint in your minds.” (Heb. 12:3) It mellows our hearts every time we consider that the opposition was unmerited by Him, and that it was a part of His sacrifice on our behalf. The Apostle urged all the Lord’s followers to consider the meekness, patience and sufferings of Christ, endured most unjustly, lest we become weary or faint in our minds, when enduring comparatively light afflictions.

“TAKE UP HIS CROSS”

The route from Pilate’s judgment hall to Calvary was indeed a “via dolorosa” – a sorrowful way, a doleful way. Jesus, bearing His cross, headed the procession, accompanied by four Roman soldiers. The two thieves with their crosses followed, with four soldiers guarding each. The entire procession was under the charge of a Centurion. Our Redeemer had been under a tremendous strain and without food for about twelve hours. Evidently He was scarcely able to carry His load, and the Centurion compelled Simon of Cyrene, a countryman, to bear the cross after Jesus. (Luke 23:26) It is uncertain whether this means that he walked behind Jesus in the procession, carrying the cross, or whether he carried the back part of the cross with Jesus. In any event he had a most glorious opportunity, even though it was compulsory.

Many of the Lord’s people who have read this account have wished that they could have had a share in carrying that cross, but where were Peter, James, John and all the other disciples? Sadly, they allowed fear to stand in their way, depriving them of a most glorious service. When we think of this, we should remember that our Lord has graciously provided that all of His followers may share in the carrying of His cross. The weight of the cross has not ceased. The cross of Christ is still in the world, and the privilege is still with us to bear it with Him, following after Him. Although the Apostles lost the privilege of bearing the literal cross for Jesus, they gloriously recovered from their fear, and we have the record of their noble service, bearing the cross of Christ for all the years of their lives afterwards.

Let us love much and show our love by our zeal in cross-bearing. The mainspring of our devotion to the Lord must be love for Him, a desire to do what would please Him, and an appreciation of what He has done for us. Jesus said, “If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.” (Matt. 16:24)

“HE WAS NUMBERED WITH THE TRANSGRESSORS”

It was prophesized that our Lord would be “numbered with the transgressors” (Isa. 53:12) and His crucifixion between two thieves fulfilled that prophecy. (Mark 15:28) From the standpoint of Jesus Himself, this could only have meant the depths of humiliation. Any noble man or woman would find it especially detestable to be considered as belonging with transgressors, murderers, and thieves. If this is true with us in our imperfect condition of mind and heart, how much more intense must this feeling have been in the perfect one, our Lord. How He must have loathed sin, how utterly opposed to it in every sense of the word He must have been, and how much more shame He must have felt than we could possibly have felt in His position.

That the heavenly Father permitted His Son to experience such humiliation was evidently intended to be a demonstration to angels and to men of the Son’s unlimited loyalty of heart: “And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.” (Phil. 2:8) Thus the Lord demonstrated that He was not only willing to die, but He was willing to die in the most despicable manner possible. He demonstrated full self-renunciation, complete deadness of His own will and thorough aliveness of His own heart and mind to the Father’s will. In all this He became an illustration of humility to His followers, as the Apostle suggested: “Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble. Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time.” (1 Pet. 5:5-6) Humility is essential to all who would be of the Lord’s family, no matter how deep the humiliation that obedience to God may bring.

From the standpoint of the priests and Pharisees, the Lord’s crucifixion with the two thieves was especially desirable. It prevented Him from being seen as a martyr, demeaning and degrading Him before the people, and making them ashamed to be seen as His followers. How could it be expected that any could ever see glory in the cross of Christ? But how wonderfully God’s plans overrule all human arrangements, and make even the wrath and envy and villainy of the human heart work out to His praise and in accordance with His plan.

KILLING THE PRINCE OF LIFE

The distance from Pilate’s palace to Golgotha apparently was not great, though the latter is outside the city wall. The spot was soon reached, the crosses were laid upon the ground, and the soldiers quickly stripped the prisoners and nailed them, probably with wooden spikes, to the crosses which they then lifted and dropped into the previously prepared holes, the feet of the crucified coming within about two feet of the ground. The agony resulting from such a proceeding can be better imagined than described, especially at the moment when the cross dropped into the socket, and the weight of the body together with the swinging, surging, and jolting of the cross would make the pain extreme.

It was customary to publish the crime for which the convicted was being executed by a printed notice over the head of the victim. In the case of Jesus, the notice said, by Matthew’s account, “THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.” Mark gives the superscription as, “THE KING OF THE JEWS,” and Luke gives it as, “THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.” (Matt. 27:37; Mark 15:26; Luke 23:38) All three may be correct since the notice was written in three languages – Hebrew, Greek and Latin.

In a sense, this was Pilate’s opportunity to get even with the envious and malicious Jewish rulers who were forcing him to crucify Jesus, contrary to his will and contrary to justice. His decision to allow the writing above Jesus to stand was correct, and ultimately the blind eyes of the world will be opened to the great truth that Jesus was indeed divinely anointed to be the King of earth, but as He said, “My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.” (John 18:36) That is to say, His Kingdom was not of the present order or arrangement and was not yet due to come into power. His followers were also not of this world and thus were not fighting to establish His Kingdom authority.

Those who have thus far acknowledged Him as King are very small in number and very insignificant in the world – “not many mighty, not many noble,” but chiefly “the poor of this world rich in faith.” (1 Cor. 1:26; Jas. 2:5) Those who conclude that Jesus is now the King of the world and is reigning are nearly as blind and prejudiced as were the doctors of divinity who secured our Lord’s death. Those who “love his appearing,” whose souls long for the presence of the King and the inauguration of His reign of righteousness in the earth are a woefully small number. (2 Tim. 4:8)

After they crucified Him, the Roman soldiers immediately began to divide His garments, casting lots for them. The soldiers coldly looked at the Lamb of God who was suffering, the just for the unjust as their redemption price, and divided His clothing as their plunder. They greatly resembled the whole of “Christendom” throughout history, from that time to the present. In all parts of the civilized world, millions who have heard of Jesus and His love for us and His sacrifice on our behalf are still totally unmoved, unconcerned, and unthankful. They are willing to receive and divide among themselves the various blessings and advantages which have come to them through His death, but they receive them without appreciation or gratitude. As the Apostle explained, the most kindly view we can take of them is that the Gospel is hidden to them: “But if our gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost: In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.” (2 Cor. 4:3-4)

WITH HIM IN HIS DYING HOUR

Four of His very special friends were with the Lord in His dying hour: His mother, the wife of Cleopas (stated to be His mother’s sister, but perhaps her cousin), Mary Magdalene, and John. We are not to judge too severely the apparent lack of courage on the part of Jesus’ other friends. The popular bitterness against Jesus which led to His crucifixion extended to His followers to a large degree, and it was natural for them to be afraid; it had even been hinted that Lazarus would be put to death also. The three women might reasonably feel themselves safer from being harmed despite their interest in Jesus. John may also have had reason to be less afraid because he had a friend in the High Priest’s household. That friend had permitted him to be present when Jesus was first brought before the High Priest, while Peter had been afraid to show himself.

Although He was in great pain, it was at this time that Jesus commended His mother to John’s care, saying to her, “Woman, behold thy Son!” To the disciple He said, “Behold thy mother.” (John 19:25-27) Although we are not literally able to be at His cross to show our sympathy for Him, we can lend our presence and aid to dear brethren in their dark hours and He will count it as being done for Him.

Another prophecy of Scripture remained to be fulfilled: “They gave me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.” (Psa. 69:21) The fulfillment of this prophecy would further identify Jesus as the Messiah, and it is why He mentioned His thirst: “After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.” (John 19:28) He doubtless had been thirsting for quite a while given the circumstances of the crucifixion, but now the time had come to express it. Vinegar (actually a sour wine, the common drink of Roman soldiers) was given to Him. It was mixed with gall or myrrh, a bitter substance commonly given to those being crucified to dull the pain. It was a kindness, not an injury, but Jesus refused it, preferring to experience the full measure of pain and suffering the Father’s wisdom, love, and justice had prepared for Him.

Having thus fulfilled the various Scriptures relating to His career, our Lord realized that the end of His course had come. It was probably at this point that the Father’s fellowship was withdrawn from Him for a moment. The actual withdrawal of the Father’s favor and communion was a necessary part of the Lord’s suffering as a sin-bearer so that at least for a short time He had the full experience of the sinner. He was treated as a sinner on our behalf so that we might be considered as righteous by God. Of all our Lord’s experiences we believe that this moment, in which the Father completely hid His face from Him, was the most trying moment, the severest ordeal, and the one that apparently our Lord had not foreseen. Although bereft of every earthly comfort, favor, privilege, and blessing up to this moment, He had nonetheless possessed a realization of fellowship and communion with the Father. For that upon which His whole life had depended to now be taken away was the severest trial.

In agony He cried, “My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?” (Matt. 27:46) He wondered what He had done to cause a cloud to come between Him and the Father. He probably soon realized that it was necessary for Him to thus fill up the cup of suffering and to demonstrate to the very limit His loyalty and obedience, fully and completely meeting the penalty against our race. While probably still under this cloud, but with having come to this realization, He cried, “It is finished!” and died. (John 19:30)

We figuratively speak of people dying of broken hearts, but it appears our Lord experienced this very thing. Today this is referred to as “broken heart syndrome,” a potentially fatal condition. Deep grief tends to interfere with the ability of the heart to pump blood, causing strain upon the heart. We have all felt this at times – a weight and heaviness of heart when under unusual stress. This seems to have been the case in our Lord’s situation; He literally died of a broken heart.

If we are devoted followers of Jesus, we should consider that our Lord bore this agony for us and ask ourselves, what we have borne for Him – what shame, what humiliation, what pain? The very thought of this should make us ashamed to mention any trials we may have endured, and give us more courage to patiently endure all things which divine providence may allow us to experience because of our discipleship.

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This paper is drawn from the writings of Pastor Russell, primarily Reprints 3560 and 2312.

Write to us at: epiphanybiblestudents@gmail.com

NO. 775: “CHRIST OUR PASSOVER”

No. 775

Some Thoughts for the Memorial

“For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us: Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.” (1 Cor. 5:7-8)

The date for celebrating the Memorial to our Lord in 2022 is April 13, after 6:00 p.m. The date is determined by this method: The moon nearest the Vernal Equinox becomes new in Jerusalem on April 1 at 9:24 a.m., thus establishing 6 p.m. March 31 as the beginning of Nisan 1, Bible reckoning. Counting forward to Nisan 14, we arrive at 6 p.m. April 13. Any time that evening after 6 p.m. would be proper for the celebration.

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The instructions for the Passover in Egypt were very rigid, even as respects the time it should be kept. Up until that time the Jewish year began with the first day of the seventh month – Tishri; but the institution of the Passover changed that. The month Abib was then to become the first month: “And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.” (Exod. 12:1-2) Since that time the Jews observe two years – the religious year beginning with Abib, or Nisan, and the business year beginning with Tishri. However, all recordings in the Bible after the Passover in Egypt are reckoned as from the month Abib, or Nisan.

This change was not without purpose. Prior to the Passover, the Jews had no organized religious ritual. The religious order which they had when they entered Canaan some forty years later was the one arranged for them through Moses at Sinai in the wilderness, when the Aaronic priesthood and the Tabernacle ceremonies were first instituted. This would seem to suggest to us that the secular year revealed the character of the dispensation previous to the present one – commonly known as the Jewish Age. It would be followed by the ecclesiastical year, and would suggest the spiritual character of the present dispensation. Here then is contrasted the dealings of God during the Jewish Age, along the rigid lines of the Law, to His Grace dealings during the present age. Prior to the Gospel Age, God’s dealings with His covenant people were along earthly and secular lines; whereas, during this Gospel Age His dealings with His people have been along spiritual and ecclesiastical lines.

The fact that God changed the beginning of the year in connection with His institution of the Paschal Lamb, its feast and the entire Passover festival, suggests that the change of the year is typical of the Lord changing His dispensational dealings at the beginning of the Gospel Age, for the change in the type was made because of the Passover Lamb, its feast and its following festival, which properly type Christ our Lamb, with the privileges and blessings of the Christian life that attach to it.

And concerning the date on which the Passover and its subsequent memorials were to be kept, the instruction was very specific – it was to be on the fourteenth day of the first month. (Exod. 12:6-11)

DELIVERANCE FROM THE BONDAGE OF EGYPT

The Feast of the Passover, celebrated every year for seven days, began with the fifteenth day of the first month. It celebrated in a general way the deliverance of the people of Israel from the bondage of Egypt – but particularly the passing over, or sparing alive, of the firstborn of that nation during the plague of death upon the Egyptians. It was this last plague that finally compelled Pharaoh to release the Israelites from servitude. The passing over of the firstborn of Israel became the precursor of the liberation of the whole nation of Israel and their passing in safety over the Red Sea into freedom from the bondage of Egypt. We can readily see that so portentous an event would properly be commemorated by the Israelites as intimately identified with the birth of their nation; and thus it is celebrated by Jews to this day.

The Lord’s people are interested in those events, as they are interested in all arrangements of their Heavenly Father, both with respect to His typical people, fleshly Israel, and with respect to the whole world of mankind. We are even more deeply interested in those events in Egypt because the Lord has revealed that those things which happened to natural Israel were intended to typify and foreshadow still greater things in the divine plan regarding Spiritual Israel.

Regarding these spiritual things, the Apostle declared: “But God hath revealed them unto us [Spiritual Israel] by his Spirit . . . But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.” (1 Cor. 2:10, 14) God used the Apostles as mouth­pieces to give us certain clues whereby, if guided by His Spirit, we may understand the deep things of God. One of these clues is found in our opening text, which clearly shows that fleshly Israel typified the whole people of God – all who will ultimately become His people by the close of the Millennial Age. By implication, the Egyptians represented the opponents of the people of God, with Pharaoh, their ruler, representing Satan, the prince of evil and darkness. Pharaoh’s servants and horsemen represented fallen angels and men who have associated or who will associate themselves with Satan as opponents to the Lord and His people.

The Israelites longed for deliverance from bondage, yet they were weak and unable to deliver themselves. They could never have freed themselves from the yoke of Egypt if the Lord had not intervened on their behalf by sending Moses to be their deliverer. Likewise, we see the world of mankind, presently and all throughout history, groaning and travailing in pain under bondage to sin and death under “the prince of this world.” (Rom. 8:22; John 12:31)

These billions of humanity have yearned for freedom from their own sins and weaknesses and from their penalties, pain and death, but without divine aid, mankind is powerless. A few make a vigorous struggle, and make some progress, but none get free. The entire race of Adam is in bondage to sin and death, and their only hope is in God and in the antitypical Moses that He has promised will deliver His people in His appointed time. He will bring them across the Red Sea, representing the Second Death, but Satan and all who affiliate or sympathize with him and his evil course will perish there. They will be everlastingly destroyed, as was typified in the overwhelming of Pharaoh and his hosts in the literal Red Sea. But of the Lord’s people we are told: “He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.” (Rev. 2:11)

DELIVERANCE OF THE FIRSTBORN

The firstborn occupied a special place in the type. Not only were they the heirs, but they also had a special place because they were subjected to a special test or trial in advance of the remainder of Israel. They became liable to death before the general exodus from Egypt, and when the exodus did occur the firstborn had a special role – a special work to do in connection with the general deliverance. They became a separated class, represented in the tribe of Levi. They were separated from their brethren, giving up entirely their inheritance in the land, so that according to the divine arrangement they might be the teachers of their brethren.

The antitype of the firstborn of Israel is brought to our attention by the inspired Word when the Apostle speaks of the “church of the firstborn.” (Heb. 12:23) The tribe of Levi clearly types the household of faith, led by the preparatory Royal Priesthood, the Church in the flesh, which has given up inheritance in earthly things on behalf of the brethren. In due time they will constitute the actual Royal Priesthood, whose Chief Priest is the Lord, and will bless, rule, and instruct the world during the Millennial Age.

The firstborn of Israel in Egypt were subject to death, but they were passed over and escaped it. Losing their earthly inheritance, they became a priesthood. In the same way, the antitypical Church of the Firstborn in the Gospel Age has been subject to Second Death, having their testing or trial for everlasting life or everlasting death in advance of the remainder of mankind. They have passed from death to life through the merit of the Redeemer’s blood – the merit of His death. Along with Him, they renounce or sacrifice the earthly inheritance, the earthly portion, that they may attain heaven and its life more abundant.

Those whose passing over occurs during the nighttime of this Gospel Age – before the Millennial morning dawns and its Sun of Righteousness arises – are to be the leaders of those who will ultimately become the Lord’s people, bringing them forth from the bondage of sin and Satan. Mark how this agrees with the language of the Apostle: “For the earnest expectation of the creature [creation] waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God. . . . For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now.” (Rom. 8:19, 22)

CHRIST OUR PASSOVER LAMB

There is another important feature of the type: the passing over of the firstborn and the resulting deliverance of all of Israel required the slaying of a Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the first month, the sprinkling of its blood upon the doorposts and lintels of the house, and the eating of its flesh with bitter herbs and unleavened bread. Thus each house of Israel represented the household of faith, and each lamb represented “the Lamb of God.” (John 1:29) The firstborn in each family represented the Christ, Head and Body. The bitter herbs represented the trials and afflictions of this present time, which serve to whet the appetite of the household of faith for the Lamb and the unleavened bread.

Moreover, the members of each household were to eat with staff in hand, prepared for a journey. This illustrated that the antitypical firstborn and household of faith partaking of the Lamb during the nighttime of this Gospel Age would be pilgrims and strangers in the world, realizing the bondage of sin and death, and desiring to be led by the Lord into freedom from sin and corruption – into the liberty of the sons of God.

In harmony with this type, our Lord died as the antitypical Passover Lamb on the fourteenth day of the first month. At no other time was it possible for our Lord to finish in death the sacrifice He began at age thirty with His baptism unto death. Consequently, although the Jews many times sought to take Him, they were unable to do so: “Then they sought to take him: but no man laid hands on him, because his hour was not yet come.” (John 7:30)

As the Jews were commanded to select and receive into their houses the lamb of sacrifice on the tenth day of the first month, the Lord appropriately offered Himself to them on that date. Five days before the Passover, He rode into the city on the ass, the multitude crying, “Hosanna to the Son of David: Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.” (Matt: 21:9) Instead of receiving Him, the nation of Israel rejected Him, and thus identified itself with the Adversary for the time. “He came unto his own, and his own [as a nation] received him not. But as many as received him [individually], to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name.” (John 1:11-12)

They refused to eat of the antitypical Lamb and thus lost the opportunity of becoming as a nation the firstborn ones – they lost the opportunity of passing over and becoming members of the New Creation, with life more abundant in glory, honor and immortality. We are glad, however, to be informed elsewhere in the Scriptures that they will, never­theless, have a glorious opportunity to accept the Lamb of God, to eat and appropriate His flesh, His sacrifice, and thus may escape the bondage of sin and death under the leadership of the Lord and of His faithful brethren, Spiritual Israel, the antitypical Church of the Firstborn. (Rom. 11:11–26)

OUR LORD’S MEMORIAL SUPPER

It was at the close of His ministry, on the fourteenth day of the first month, on “the same night in which he was betrayed” (1 Cor. 11:23), that our Lord celebrated the typical Passover with His disciples, eating the typical lamb representing Himself and His own sacrifice for the sins of the world. The eating of this supper on the night preceding our Lord’s death, and yet on the same day, was made possible by the Jewish custom of beginning each day, not at midnight, but in the evening. The Lord evidently arranged all the affairs of Israel in conformity with the types they were to express.

As Jews born under the Law, it was obligatory for our Lord and His Apostles to celebrate this type at its proper time, but after they had thus observed this Jewish Supper, the Lord instituted for His disciples and for His entire Church a new thing to take its place. Our Lord did not institute another, higher type of the Passover. On the contrary, the type was about to begin its fulfillment – our Lord, as the antitypical Lamb, was about to be slain. As the Apostle expressed it, “For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us.” (1 Cor. 5:7)

For anyone accepting Christ as the Passover Lamb, thus accepting the antitype as taking the place of the type, it would not be proper to prepare a typical lamb and eat it in commemoration of the typical deliverance. For all believers in Jesus as the true Passover Lamb, the appropriate thing going forward would be the sprinkling of the doorposts of the heart with His blood, realizing that through His blood they now have forgiveness of sins. (Heb. 10:22) Henceforth they must “eat,” or appropriate to themselves by faith, the merits of their Redeemer – the merits of the man Christ Jesus, who gave Himself a ransom for all. By faith they must partake of those merits, and realize that as their sins were laid upon the Lord, and He died for them, so His merits and righteousness are imputed to them.

When our Lord instituted His Memorial Supper, called the Last Supper, it was a new symbol, built upon and related to the old Passover type, though not a part of it, being a commem­oration, or memorial of the antitype. We read: “For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread: And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.” (1 Cor. 11:23-25)

The word “remembrance” implies that this new institution was to take the place of the former one, which was about to become obsolete by reason of fulfillment. This does not imply that it should be done without regard to time and place; it instead signifies that when the cup and unleavened bread were used thenceforth as a celebration of the Passover, it should on every occasion be considered a celebration, not of the type but of the antitype. As it would not have been lawful, proper or typical to celebrate the Passover at any other time than that appointed of the Lord, likewise it is still not appropriate to celebrate the antitype at any other time than its anniversary.

The Apostle added, “For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord’s death till he come.” (1 Cor. 11:26) This shows us that the disciples clearly understood that thenceforth the annual Passover celebration must have a new meaning for them: the broken loaf representing the Lord’s flesh, the cup representing His blood. Although this new institution was not laid upon His followers as a law, and no penalties were imposed for failing to properly observe it, the Lord knew well that all trusting in Him and appreciating Him as the antitypical Passover Lamb would be glad to take up the Memorial which He thus suggested to them.

PRIMARY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BREAD AND THE CUP

In presenting to the disciples the unleavened bread as a memorial, Jesus said, “Take, eat; this is my body.” (Matt. 26:26) His words evidently meant that the bread symbolized or represented His body, for in no sense had His body yet been broken. The picture is complete when we recognize that the unleavened (pure, unfermented) bread represented our Lord’s sinless flesh – leaven being a symbol of sin under the Law, and especially commanded to be put away at the Passover season. On a previous occasion, Jesus had given a lesson which interprets this symbol. He said, “For the bread of God is he which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. . . . I am the bread of life . . . I am the living bread which came down from heaven: if any man eat of this bread, he shall live for ever: and the bread that I will give is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world.” (John 6:33, 35, 51)

In order to appreciate how we are to “eat of” this living bread, it is necessary for us to understand just what the bread signifies. According to our Lord’s explanation of the matter, it represented His human life, which He sacrificed for us. He did not sacrifice His pre-human existence as a spirit being, which He laid aside in order to take our human nature. It was the fact that our Lord Jesus was a perfect human being who was “holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners.” (Heb. 7:26) The fact that He had no contamination from Father Adam, and hence was free from sin, allowed Him to become the Redeemer of Adam and his race, giving himself “a ransom for all.” (1 Tim. 2:3-6)

When we see that it was the pure, spotless human nature of our Lord Jesus that was laid down on behalf of sinners, we see what it is that we are privileged to “eat,” to appropriate to ourselves. His perfect human life was given to redeem all the human race from condemnation to death, to enable them to return to human perfection and everlasting life, if they are willing. We are to realize this and accept Him as our Savior from death.

The Scriptures show us, however, that if God would consider all past sins canceled and recognize us as having a right to human perfection, this still would not make us perfect, nor give us the right to eternal life. In order for any of Adam’s race to profit by the sacrifice of Jesus, it was necessary that He rise from the tomb as a spirit being on the divine plane, and that He ascend to the Father and deposit the sacrificial merit of His death in the hands of justice, receiving from the Father “all power . . . in heaven and in earth.” (Matt. 28:18) For the world, it was also necessary that Jesus come to earth again, invisibly, as a glorious divine being, to be the Mediator, Prophet, Priest and King for the whole world, to assist back to perfection and to harmony with God all who will avail them­selves of the wonderful privilege then to be offered.

This is the same blessing that the Church during the Gospel Age has received by faith in their Redeemer – namely, justification by faith. It is not justification to a spirit nature, which we never had and never lost, and which Christ did not redeem; but justification to perfect human nature, which Father Adam possessed and lost, and which Christ redeemed by giving His own sinless flesh, His perfect human life, as our ransom sacrifice.

The partaking of the un­leavened bread at the Memorial season then primarily means that by faith we have appropriated to ourselves the right to perfect human life with all its privileges, which our Lord at His own cost prepared for us. Likewise the fruit of the vine primarily symbolizes our Savior’s life given for us, His human life, His human being, His soul, poured out unto death on our behalf. (Isa. 53:12) The appropriation of this by us primarily signifies our acceptance of the resti­tution rights and privileges secured by our Lord’s sacrifice of them.

DEEPER SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LOAF AND THE CUP

Now let us note that there is a deeper meaning to the loaf and the cup. God purposed to allow the Church during the Gospel Age to present their bodies a living sacrifice (Rom. 12:1) and thus to have a part with the Lord Jesus in His sacrifice – as members of His body. Jesus did not directly refer to this deeper meaning of the Memorial, but it was doubtless one of the things to which He referred when He said, “I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now. Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth . . . and he will show you things to come.” (John 16:12-13)

This Spirit of Truth (the power and influence of The Father), bestowed through Christ and speaking through the Apostle Paul, clearly explains the very high significance of the Memorial; for St. Paul says, writing to the true Church, “The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion [participation] of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion [participation] of the body of Christ? For we being many are one bread, and one body: for we are all partakers of that one bread.” (1 Cor. 10:16-17)

Both views of this impressive ordinance are very important. First of all, it is essential that we should see that our justification is through our Lord’s sacrifice. It is proper then that we should realize that the entire Christ, the entire anointed company, is from the divine standpoint a composite body of many members, of which Jesus is the Head (1 Cor. 12:12-13), and that this Body, this Church, as a whole had to be broken – that each member of it had to become a copy of the Lord Jesus and walk in the footsteps of His sacrifice, by laying down their lives for the brethren, as Jesus laid down His life not only for His Jewish brethren, but also for the whole world, according to the Father’s purpose. As Jesus sacrificed His actual, perfect humanity, the members of His body have been called to sacrifice their justified selves, reckoned perfect through Jesus’ merit, although not actually perfect.

Accordingly, the loaf and the cup represent suffering. Each grain must be crushed and ground before it can become bread for man; they cannot retain their life and individuality as grains. The same is true of the grapes; they must be crushed to extract their juice, thus losing their identity as grapes.

Our Lord distinctly declares that the cup, the fruit of the vine, represents blood, that is, life – not life retained, but life shed, given, yielded up. He tells us that this life poured out was for the remission of sins; and that all who would be His must drink it, must accept His sacrifice and appropriate it by faith. They must receive life from this source. It will not do to declare that life is the result of obedience to the Law. It will not do that faith in some great teacher and obedience to his instruction will amount to the same thing and bring eternal life. There is no way to attain eternal life other than through the blood once shed as the ransom price for the whole world: “Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.” (Acts 4:12)

“TILL HE COME”

What is the full significance of the Apostle’s words, “till he come”? (1 Cor. 11:26)

Since our Lord, who instituted the Memorial Supper, placed no limit upon its observance, this expression by the Apostle is not to be understood as limiting the length of time in which it will be appropriate to commemorate the death of our Lord Jesus, our ransom sacrifice, and our consecration with Him. Rather, He is showing that it was not to be considered a limited arrangement, for a few years, but was to be continually observed until the Lord’s second coming. When speaking of the second coming of our Lord, the Apostle includes in his expression the gathering and exaltation with Christ of His Church to rule and bless the world in power and great glory. Even though the Kingdom is considered to have begun when the King began the exercise of His great power (Rev. 11:17) in 1878, it will not be set up, in the full sense of the word, until the last member of the Kingdom has been changed or glorified – until the breaking of the “loaf,” the Church, Head and body, is complete.

It is the coming of Christ as including the full exaltation of His Church or Kingdom that the Apostle evidently meant in his command to “show the Lord’s death till he come” – that is, to show our hope and confidence in His sacrifice until the Kingdom is fully set up. The same thought of the Kingdom glory being the end of the symbol may be gathered from our Lord’s own words on the occasion of the institution of the memorial: “But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.” (Matt. 26:29)

We believe the command to show His death until the Kingdom is fully set up would apply also to those faithful ones here in the end of the age who are not a part of the spirit-begotten Church of the Firstborn, because the merit of our Lamb has been tentatively imputed to all such – to the extent that the New Covenant cannot begin to operate toward the world until that embargo against Christ’s merit has been removed.

And surely if it were ever proper and expedient for those who believe that our Lord’s death was the ransom-price for sinners to confess it – to show it forth as the basis of all their hopes – it is now, when this foundation doctrine of God’s Word is being slandered and misrepresented. Let all who hold fast the confidence of faith in His precious blood (His sacrificed life) as the propitiation (satisfaction) for our sins, and for the sins of the whole world, be more zealous and fervent than ever before in confessing this great truth.

We send Christian love to all God’s people wherever they may assemble. We especially offer a prayer for the Lord’s nearness and rich blessing in the preparation for, and participation in this coming service. “Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us.”

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This paper is primarily drawn from the writings of Pastor Russell, with additional com­ments based on several of Brother John J. Hoefle’s writings.

Write to us at: epiphanybiblestudents@gmail.com

NO. 774: GOD’S GREAT COVENANTS

No. 774

“Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel . . . Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers . . . which my covenant they brake . . . But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel . . . I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people.” (Jer. 31:31-33)

The Bible sets forth a number of covenants which may be broadly classified as either word covenants or blood covenants. There are only two true blood covenants – the ones mentioned in our opening text. These blood covenants are commonly referred to in the Scriptures as the Law Covenant and the New Covenant, and it is these covenants that particularly concern the great majority of the human race, although certain details foundational to them are found in some of the word covenants. While it is the two blood covenants that primarily concern us, we will offer a few brief comments on the word covenants.

THE WORD COVENANTS

The Adamic Covenant: “And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.” (Gen. 2:16-17 – the marginal reading is “dying thou shalt die”) This covenant is found in the very beginning of the Bible, during the first days of human history. The man had no choice in the terms of this covenant. He had to accept it and abide by its terms, or he would inevitably experience the dying process until the grave eventually claimed him. Adam experienced 930 years of “dying,” a thousand years being one day with the Lord. (2 Peter 3:8; Psa. 90:4) As the Apostle phrased it, the world is “dead in trespasses and sins” - all are under the death sentence. (Eph. 2:1)

While the Genesis account does not specifically describe this mandate as a covenant, the Prophet Hosea does: “But they [the Jewish nation] like Adam have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.” (Hos. 6:7, ASV) Adam attempted to use deceit and shallow arguments after violating his covenant, and the Jews did likewise in their attitude toward the Law Covenant. Although there was no written covenant with Adam as there was with the Jews at Sinai, the “treachery” was nevertheless the same in both cases: both covenants were violated by the human parties falling into sin. There was also another difference: Adam was perfect, and had no innate inclination at all toward sin, and thus his transgression was a deliberate act. The Jews had been born in sin and “shapen in iniquity.”

The Rainbow Covenant: “I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth [the human social order]. . . . And I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.” (Gen. 9:13, 15) God pledged the rainbow as a sign that He would never again destroy mankind by a flood of waters. Through the Prophet Isaiah, He likens this covenant to the Abrahamic Covenant, by which He promised He would not forsake the antitypical Sarah or her seed, the Christ: “For this is as the waters of Noah unto me: for as I have sworn that the waters of Noah should no more go over the earth; so have I sworn that I would not be wroth with thee, nor rebuke thee. For the mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed; but my kindness shall not depart from thee, neither shall the covenant of my peace be removed, saith the Lord that hath mercy on thee.” (Isa. 54:9-10)

The Abrahamic Covenant: “Now the Lord had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will show thee . . . And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.” (Gen. 12:1, 3) This word covenant contains the first intimation of the great Plan of the Ages which will restore to mankind what was lost by Father Adam. It was confirmed, after Abraham complied with its requirements, 430 years before the Law (blood) Covenant was given at Sinai. (Gal. 3:17) The promises God made to Abraham in this covenant are the foundation for all the theology of the New Testament, as expressed by the Lord Jesus, St. Paul, St. Stephen, St. Peter and others.

The Oath-Bound Covenant: “By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord . . . That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore . . . And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.” (Gen. 22:16-18) This covenant reaffirms and elaborates on the Abrahamic Covenant. St. Paul refers to this covenant, making clear that it was a one-sided, unconditional promise, needing no mediator: “For when God made promise to Abraham, because he could swear by no greater, he sware by himself, Saying, Surely blessing I will bless thee, and multiplying I will multiply thee.” (Heb. 6:13-14) This covenant was the result of Abraham’s attempt, at God’s command, to sacrifice his son Isaac on Mount Moriah, with the Angel of the Lord restraining him at the crucial moment. While this may also be defined as a word covenant, the near sacrifice of Isaac, and the actual sacrifice of the ram in the thicket (Gen. 22:13), suggested things to come later in the blood covenants.

The Oath-Bound Covenant also gave the first intimation that Abraham’s seed would be both heavenly (“the stars”) and earthly (“the sand”). It is a very unusual circumstance that the Oath-Bound Covenant was made with Abraham, (referred to by St. Paul as “the father of all them that believe” – Rom. 4:11), yet he himself is not to be of the heavenly seed. After including Abraham by name among the faithful overcomers (Hebrews, Chapter 11), St. Paul summed up the matter thus: “And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise: God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.” (Heb. 11:39-40) The “us” is the spiritual Isaac: “Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.” (Gal. 4:28) Jesus verified this conclusion when He stated: “For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God [the “us” class] is greater than he.” (Luke 7:28) Thus, Abraham and the other faithful overcomers of the past will eventually be the children of antitypical Isaac.

The Covenant of Sacrifice: “Gather my saints together unto me; those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice.” (Psa. 50:5) While this is a word covenant, it could in a sense be termed a semi-blood covenant because it involves the death of each individual comprising it – the members of the Christ Company “beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God.” (Rev. 20:4) Not all have come to a violent end (as did Jesus, the Apostles, and many others during this Gospel Age), but each one did truly “pour out his soul unto death.” Thus, each one has furnished the blood, his own blood, to seal his part in this Covenant, each one heeding the appeal of St. Paul: “I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.” (Rom. 12:1)

Yet, none of the participants in the Covenant of Sacrifice had their part sealed by the blood of other men or animals, unlike the two real blood covenants, which we will now consider.

THE LAW COVENANT

“Ye shall therefore keep my statutes, and my judgments: which if a man do, he shall live in them: I am the Lord.” (Lev. 18:5) The Law Covenant given at Sinai is the first of the blood covenants. It was proposed by God, accepted by all Israel, and mediated by Moses. In its broad sense, it began with the Passover in Egypt when “the blood of sprinkling” of the typical lamb was observed by each Jewish household on that awesome night. It ultimately embraces practically everything in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. The Ten Commandments (literally, “ten words”) as given in Exodus Chapter 20, is a terse summarization of it. It is even more briefly stated in the words of Jesus Himself: “Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.” (Matt. 22:37-39)

Jesus taught that all of the Law was typical: “Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled.” (Matt. 5:18) St. Paul elaborated on this in his epistle to the Hebrews: “For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect. . . . Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law; Then said he [Jesus], Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second.” (Heb. 10:1-9) The things that happened to fleshly Israel were types whose chief object and purpose was to illustrate certain great truths for spiritual Israel: “Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world [ages] are come.” (1 Cor. 10:11)

Being a type, the Law must continue until its antitype appears to fulfill every minute feature of it. Once the antitype appears, the type is no longer effective or obligatory upon those involved. Therefore, when Jesus took away “the first” so that He could establish “the second,” He eliminated in one stroke all the animal sacrifices of the Law, which in turn left no more room for the Jewish priesthood or the rituals they performed. However, the “ten words” of the Law still bind those who have not accepted Christ, and that feature of the Law Covenant must continue operative until its antitype, the New Covenant (Jer. 31:31-34), is inaugurated.

The various features of the Law are distributed over four books of the Pentateuch, but the people’s acceptance of it was conveyed by just one simple sentence: “And he [Moses] took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the Lord hath said will we do, and be obedient. And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the Lord hath made with you concerning all these words.” (Exod. 24:7-8)

The great majority of the people quickly forgot the covenant, most lacking even the will to abide by it. It was soon apparent that even the willing were unable to obey it, because they were not in a perfect condition as was Adam when the Lord’s command was given to him in Eden. Adam could have done what was asked of him, but even those faithful Jews earnestly striving to keep their covenant found that what they thought was a covenant unto life was really a covenant unto death. As St. Paul wrote: “For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died.” (Rom. 7:9) Speaking representatively for all Israel, he had come to realize that the Abrahamic Covenant, which assured the blessing of all men, gave hope for a future life. By placing themselves under an ideal beyond their ability to reach, that hope was extinguished, because none could keep the Law Covenant, which mandated death for disobedience.

Unlike any of the word covenants, the Law Covenant had attached to it certain offices and intermediary persons, including Moses as the Mediator, as well as priests, prophets, and kings who performed certain services. While the Law Covenant was typical in all its details, parts of it were to be fulfilled during the Gospel Age, and the remainder during the Millennial Age. Thus, Jesus was the Gospel-Age antitype of the Atonement-Day bullock, and the Church, His Body, has been the Gospel-Age antitype of the Atonement-Day goat as typed in Leviticus Chapter 16. Inklings of the Ransom and the Sin Offering were gradually revealed as the inspired testimony increased through the writings of the various “elders,” the 24 writers of the Old Testament. (Rev. 4:4)

The Law Covenant, with its righteous arrangements for human relations, its superior dietary requirements, its worship of the one true God, and avoidance of all superstition, was very different from the religions of Canaan and the surrounding regions. Thus, it is little wonder that Satan attempted to counterfeit in those heathen religions certain features of the Law Covenant and their antitypes as he understood them. It had been dimly hinted that a deliverer would eventually come to rescue man from the condemnation caused by his willful disobedience in Eden. As it gradually began to be revealed that Jesus would die and then be raised from the dead around Passover time in the spring, Satan concocted counterfeits of this in the heathen religions, especially in Babylon with the worship of Nimrod, Tammuz, etc.

By the time Israel lost its national individuality in 606 B.C. (the beginning of the Gentile Times), the belief was well established in Babylon that the pagan god Tammuz died every spring and was brought back to life, with the women of that city weeping for him. The Prophet Ezekiel wrote how this paganism had permeated Israelite society: “Then he brought me to the door of the gate of the Lord’s house which was toward the north; and, behold, there sat women weeping for Tammuz.” (Ezek. 8:14) Here was the counterfeit of the experience of Jesus: “And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him. But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children.” (Luke 23:27-28)

The Prophet then saw more abominations: “Then said he unto me . . . thou shalt see greater abominations than these. . . . at the door of the temple of the Lord, between the porch and the altar, were about five and twenty men, with their backs toward the temple of the Lord, and their faces toward the east; and they worshipped the sun toward the east. . . . Is it a light thing to the house of Judah that they commit the abominations which they commit here?” (Ezek. 8:15-17) These men worshipped a pagan sun god while contemptuously turning their backs to the temple of the true God.

By the time ancient Babylon reached its pinnacle, its Satan-invented religion had with certain variations infected the whole world, inspiring Jeremiah’s words: “Babylon hath been a golden cup in the Lord’s hand, that made all the earth drunken: the nations have drunken of her wine; therefore the nations are mad.” (Jer. 51:7) Notice how similar these words are to what the Apostle John wrote about the manipulations of Mystic Babylon – the Roman Church: “And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication.” (Rev. 17:4-5)

Most Christians know little or nothing about the true types of the Law Covenant because they have been so overshadowed by these earlier inventions of the great “serpent” (deceiver). Some of the Prophets were aware to some extent of the situation, as we will see in the words of Jeremiah when he prophesied of a New Covenant.

THE NEW COVENANT

“But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.” (Jer. 31:33-34)

In addition to these words of the Prophet Jeremiah, the Prophet Ezekiel also prophesied of this time when the Lord will restore mankind to perfect manhood in the image of God: “A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them.” (Ezek. 36:26-27)

The Apostle Paul discussed these Scriptures (Hebrews Chapter eight), quoting large portions of them, and then summing them up this way: “In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.” (Heb. 8:13) As the various features of the old covenant are fulfilled, it will pass away. The first verses of the chapter are very to the point about the contrast between the old and the new: “We have such an high priest . . . A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man. . . . But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.” (Heb. 8:1-2, 6)

This second blood covenant has already been assured, although its administration is yet future - waiting for the full number of servants to be gathered who will officiate and mediate it between God and the whole human family: “For ye are not come unto the fire mount that might be touched . . . And the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words . . . But ye are come unto mount Sion . . . the heavenly Jerusalem . . . to God the Judge of all . . . And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel. See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. . . . Wherefore we receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved, let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear.” (Heb. 12:18-28)

Note that the New Covenant is completely superior to the Law Covenant because it will actually accomplish all it was designed to do. The Law Covenant itself could have had no superior if it had been kept by the Jews, but it was “weak through the flesh.” (Rom. 8:3) Its imperfections were in the human weaknesses of those who agreed to keep it but could not. Their own imperfections made them insufficient to cope with the perfection required in the Law. But the New Covenant, through the better Mediator, will give life to all who will receive it under its easier terms. The Law Covenant and its Mediator brought only the reverse - death.

Why did God make a Law Covenant at all if it was impossible for its human parties to adhere to it? St. Paul offered his usual superb logic on the question: “Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid: for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. . . . But before faith came, we were kept under the law . . . Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ, that we might be justified by faith. But after that faith is come, we are no longer under a schoolmaster.” (Gal. 3:21-25) The Law was a “schoolmaster” in that it persuaded all who were persuadable of their inability to save themselves by their works under the Law, preparing them for Christ and His message.

The Apostle gave further enlightenment on this: “Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved. For I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge. For they being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteous­ness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God. For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth.” (Rom. 10:1-4) Some of Israel earnestly endeavored to keep the Law, but did not submit themselves to the righteousness of God by accepting Christ who is the end (fulfillment) of the Law. They are to be included in the broad classification of the “unjust” - the unjustified of this age – but God will have mercy on them in the Kingdom. (Acts 24:15; John 5:28-29) Of these the Apostle said: “For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.” (Rom. 11:32)

All of the “just” will have a better resurrection than any of the “unjust.” (Heb. 11:35) The blessing of the nations through Abraham’s seed will come from the “stars of Heaven” (the two elect classes raised as spirit beings before the New Covenant can begin to operate) and from the “sand of the seashore” (the two elect classes who will officiate as perfect human beings on earth). “For out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.” (Isa. 2:3; Micah 4:2) Zion represents the spiritual phase of the Kingdom and Jerusalem represents the earthly phase of the Kingdom.

What of the non-elect - all those who will have part in the resurrection of the unjust? We recognize that there are many noble people among them, as well as many who are not so noble. Will the noble ones be overlooked? Certainly not! Even in the beginning, they will be greatly blessed as they walk up the Highway of Holiness (Isa. 35:8), because it will be easy and agreeable for them to conform themselves to the Kingdom’s righteous laws.

But what of the very wicked? There will undoubtedly be some among them who will come to love and appreciate God’s love and goodness toward them. As they seek to free themselves from their sinful tendencies, they will join with those who walk up the Highway of Holiness and will bow with the knee and confess with the tongue that Christ is Lord. (Phil. 2:9-11) All who walk up this highway will rejoice when they recognize God’s love, goodness, and mercy toward them. It is to them that the invitation will be extended: “And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely.” (Rev. 22:17) Of those who do not so bow and confess, the Apostle said: “And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not hear that prophet, shall be destroyed from among the people.” (Acts 3:23)

The features of the New Covenant are succinctly shown by the Psalmist, revealing its superiority over the Law Covenant: “Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his benefits: Who forgiveth all thine iniquities; Who healeth all thy diseases; Who redeemeth thy life from destruction; Who crowneth thee with loving­kindness and tender mercies . . . thy youth is renewed like the eagles.” (Psa. 103:2-5)

The forgiving of iniquities came without any effort on man’s part – and generally with little or no knowledge that he is receiving this benefit: “But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.” (Rom. 5:8) Thus, Christ made Himself an offering for sin for us before we knew anything about it being done. The healing of diseases will also be accomplished without men asking for it. In the resurrection day it is evident that the disease which brought someone to the grave must be cured before his awakening; otherwise, he would immediately die again.

Redemption from destruction, however, will require cooperation on the part of the recipients. “God our savior . . . will have all men to be saved, and come unto the knowledge of the truth.” (1 Tim. 2:3-4) But this knowledge of the Truth will not be forced upon anyone; they must willingly cooperate in the educational process, and some will refuse: “Let favour be showed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness.” (Isa. 26:10) That educational process will teach them the physical, mental, moral, and religious philosophies of life which will enable them to live forever in perpetual youth. Then the prophecy will come to pass: “Deliver him from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom. His flesh shall be fresher than a child’s: he shall return to the days of his youth.” (Job 33:24-25)

The “crowning” means the bestowing of physical, mental, moral and religious perfection, and will also require the cooperation of the recipients. This is emphasized in the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats: “Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.” (Matt. 25:34) When the restitution process is complete, each one of the “sheep” will inherit a kingdom – perfect human life with its accompanying life rights – just as Adam had in Eden when he was given dominion over all things on earth.

All of God’s past and present dealings with the children of men are clarified when we fully understand His Plan. We see that all the teachings of the Bible are in harmony with each other, with God’s character, with Christ’s Ransom, with the Holy Spirit’s work, with man’s needs and with the facts. The Bible is thus demonstrated to be the repository of God’s marvelous Plan of the Ages, as well as the glorious expression of His magnificent character. Let us worship, praise and adore Him! “Great and marvellous are thy works, O Lord God, the Almighty; righteous and true are thy ways, thou King of the ages. Who shall not fear, O Lord, and glorify thy name? for thou only art holy; for all the nations shall come and worship before thee; for thy righteous acts have been made manifest.” (Rev. 15:3-4, ASV)

These are indeed “good tidings of great joy” to all people. We send these thoughts forth with the prayer that they will bless, uplift and comfort all who receive them - especially those of the Household of Faith. “I will praise thee, O Lord, among the people: I will sing unto thee among the nations. For thy mercy is great unto the heavens, and thy truth unto the clouds. Be thou exalted, O God, above the heavens: let thy glory be above all the earth.” (Psa. 57:9-11)

(Drawn from the writings of Brother John J. Hoefle – primarily No. 169, July 1969, with some modifications.)

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“THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW”

Brother Leonard Williams, of Orlando, Florida, entered into the “sleep in Jesus” in January 2021. He came into the Truth as a young man and was a faithful supporter of the Florida Bible house for many years. When such good brethren leave us we feel a deep sadness. We mourn his passing with his family and friends.

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